MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS O/EA-3: A RECENT TRANSBOUNDARY EMERGENCE IN NORTH AFRICA (2017-2019) - Anses - Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail Accéder directement au contenu
Poster De Conférence Année : 2019

MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS O/EA-3: A RECENT TRANSBOUNDARY EMERGENCE IN NORTH AFRICA (2017-2019)

Souheyla Benfrid
Sandra Blaise-Boisseau
Jemma Wadsworth
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 979348
Antonello Di Nardo
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 1047554
Andrew Shaw
  • Fonction : Auteur
Aurore Romey
Anthony Relmy
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 1075108
Rémi Faucheux
  • Fonction : Auteur
Valerie Mioulet
  • Fonction : Auteur
Donald P. King
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 979350
Nick J. Knowles
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 979347

Résumé

Despite the implementation of control strategies, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) remains endemic in Africa, with 5 out of its 7 viral serotypes currently circulating across the continent. Due to its position at a crossroads between sub-Saharan Africa (virus pools 4 and 5) and the Middle East (Pool 3), North Africa is regularly affected by the introduction of viruses from its neighbouring regions. To better control FMD, we therefore need a more comprehensive understanding of FMD virus (FMDV) diffusion in this region of Africa at the local, regional and inter-regional level. In this perspective, we report here the first-time emergence of the O/EAST AFRICA 3 (O/EA-3) topotype of FMDV in the Maghreb region. This FMDV lineage is well established as endemic in East Africa from where incursions into Egypt and the Middle East have occurred (2012-2019). Previous studies have also demonstrated that the O/EA-3 topotype has been previously introduced into West Africa (Nigeria, 2007). However, this lineage was only introduced into the Maghreb region over the last two years, leading to numerous still-ongoing outbreaks. In this study, clinical samples from outbreaks of FMD serotype O occurring between 2016 and 2019 were collected in 12 different countries spread across West and North Africa. Overall, a set of 106 samples was processed to isolate the viral agent and proceed with the nucleotide sequencing of VP1 before comparison with sequences already available in the database. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the FMD viruses circulating in West Africa and the Maghreb region were more closely related to strains circulating in Nigeria in 2011 than to the strains responsible for the recent outbreaks in Egypt. There was also a very close relationship between the viruses from the Maghreb countries and those circulating in West Africa in 2018. We used phylogeographic methods to trace the origin of the outbreaks occurring south and north of the Sahara to identify patterns of spread among endemic countries, reconstructing the likely pathways by which this viral lineage has been introduced into Western Africa and the Maghreb region. In addition, the information collected will be used to identify potential amino acid substitutions and conformational changes in critical antigenic sites of the VP1 protein. This study provides insights into the complex transboundary nature of the disease and helps to understand the risks of future disease incursions into the region. These findings will also help to develop a comprehensive view of the evolutionary history and dynamics of the O/EA-3 FMD viruses, promoting effective control and preventive strategies against this invasive topotype in the future.
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anses-04524330 , version 1 (28-03-2024)

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Paternité - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification

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  • HAL Id : anses-04524330 , version 1

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Souheyla Benfrid, Sandra Blaise-Boisseau, Jemma Wadsworth, Antonello Di Nardo, Andrew Shaw, et al.. MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS O/EA-3: A RECENT TRANSBOUNDARY EMERGENCE IN NORTH AFRICA (2017-2019). GFRA 2019, Oct 2019, Bangkok / Thailand, Thailand. ⟨anses-04524330⟩
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